What Theological Or Ethical Principles Religion Essay

What Theological Or Ethical Principles Religion Essay As palliative consideration is specific solace care for individuals who are moving toward the finish of their lives, it is identified with numerous moral issues and concerns. Its structure depends on the virtues and standards of the experts in question, patients concerned, their families and society all in all. Palliative consideration is an extremely delicate issue and it is significant that it is directed in a proper way. The principle objective is to accomplish the most ideal personal satisfaction, both for the individual, and for their family. In that capacity, palliative consideration is more than the arrangement of clinical alleviation from torment and other upsetting indications. It includes the mental, social, passionate and profound parts of end of life care. The palliative consideration theory attests life and sees passing on as an ordinary procedure. It neither intends to rush nor defer passing. It tries to give a group based emotionally supportive network for the individual, empowering them to live as satisfied a real existence as workable for the time remaining; and to enable their family to adapt during their friends and family sickness and get ready for their loss. Care can be given at home, in an emergency clinic, a matured consideration office or a palliative consideration unit. Most importantly, palliative consideration regards the nobility of the individual who is biting the dust, cautiously respecting their story, wishes and needs. A conversation about palliative consideration doesnt fundamentally imply that passing is fast approaching, truth be told, its far superior to begin pondering your palliative consideration choices before you need them. Palliative consideration is once in a while required for an individual whose passing is extremely almost merely hours or days while others will require care over a more extended timeframe, now and then years. For this situation their consideration needs will in general be not so much serious but rather more long winded. The requirement for palliative consideration doesn't rely upon a specific clinical finding, however the mix of numerous elements evaluated through the judgment of the individual, their family, the palliative consideration group and other clinical experts, including the people GP. Families and carers may likewise get help from palliative consideration administrations so as to assist them with adapting to enthusiastic and social issues; injured healers add itionally need mending. To mitigate is to cover with a shroud of care; to offer security and give alleviation in the last part of life. A palliative methodology is a sort of palliative consideration and perceives that passing is inescapable for us all. For me composing, I am helped to remember a remark Professor John Swinton made in light of an inquiry at the ongoing CAPS meeting: Any place we are throughout everyday life, there is a tempest coming readiness becomes about the strength of our establishments. End of life inquiries of value, arranging and nobility are morally and religiously grounded in setting our establishment. Clements (1990) composed of this, clarifying as the individual traveling through life finds their jobs took from them, and on the off chance that they have no profound establishment, they might be discovered bare at the center. Private Aged Care Facilities are regularly where individuals spend the last part of their life; individuals come into care since they are not, at this point ready to care for themselves and most will have ceaseless sickness close by maturing. The focal point of care in matured consideration offices is to assist individuals with living great with their sickness and fragility during their time spent there. This attention on living great is the quintessence of the palliative way to deal with care. Our objective is consistently to evaluate and treat torment and different indications completely, in recognizable environmental factors and in the organization of the people friends and family. Theres a Japanese maxim of which I am especially affectionate, A nightfall can be similarly as wonderful as a dawn. In my work Ive seen numerous excellent nightfalls in people groups lives. Unfortunately, Ive additionally saw some that arent so wonderful. With forward arranging they may have been extraordinary. The unexpected beginning of ailment has a method of turning our lives, and the lives of our loved ones, topsy turvy at any age. Out of nowhere choices can be extremely hard to make; that is the reason preparing is significant. In the event that we comprehend what a people decisions and wishes are, had the option to regard them if something ought to occur and theyre unfit to reveal to us themselves. Clinical treatment to oversee side effects goes close by comfort care and could incorporate medical procedure or meds. The focal point of a palliative methodology is on living. That is the reason staff will need to set objectives and to get ready for how the individual needs to carr y on with an amazing remainder. The finish of-life stage is an exceptionally significant and passionate time; and an individual doesn't need to be strict to have otherworldly contemplations. Otherworldliness is about how we cause significance in our lives and to feel associated with different things, individuals, networks and nature. Otherworldly inquiries, convictions and customs are frequently fundamental to individuals when they are in the last part of their lives. Guaranteeing that staff are educated about every occupants special otherworldly contemplations will permit them to be appropriately regarded and tended to. Helping the individual to recount to their story can assist them with discovering importance, confirmation and consolation. To adequately conceal would imply that: family and staff impart transparently and with sympathy with the individual in care and with one another; that agony control and solace is accomplished quite far; that the inhabitant has each chance to speak with the individuals who are critical to them; and that their physical, passionate, social, social and otherworldly needs are tended to and beyond what many would consider possible met. One size shroud of care doesn't fit all (Hudson, 2012). At the point when these components are disregarded the shroud turns into an unfilled concealment, leaving the occupant uncovered instead of ensured. At the point when the shroud doesn't fit it is awkward to wear (Hudson 2012) yet the helpless populace of individuals in their fourth age may wear it at any rate because of a paranoid fear of appearing to be careless. A proper shroud of care must have an otherworldly coating, and give chances to uncover concealed hurt; pardon, accommodate; and discover harm ony in misfortune through undertakings of self-reflection and self-amazing quality. Profound and peaceful consideration in this setting focuses on completeness and otherworldly development. Palliative consideration ought not mitigate demise itself preventing the obvious reality from claiming passing and biting the dust with bogus sayings and comfort can veil existential torment and genuine needs and further, make these no-no. From a Christian philosophy, demise is perceived as unavoidable and vital. Maturing is a certain procedure that to a limited extent characterizes human presence and experience. From the second we are conceived we age. Maturing possibly closes when we kick the bucket. Experience of human life discloses to us that maturing and passing are connected. The scourge of Adam in Genesis 3 acquaints this finitude with our lives. Our job as peaceful carers is one of strengthening, relationship and human nearness. Care of individuals who are enduring methods giving genuine profound consideration, where a closeness or closeness is created between the individual who is enduring and the carer. This is frequently very outsider for wellbeing experts, who, through the way of life of private matured consideration accreditation, are addendum to action hypothesis and a doing job that accentuates activity as opposed to being with (MacKinlay, 2006). This includes not a feeling of capability, yet a feeling of modesty in the consciousness of our own failure to fix anything, past being with that individual at their place of need. The defenselessness of being available to maturing and demise establishes a basic and expensive interest to remain. Not to comprehend or disclose just to remain; Or else to lapse in awful wild, forlorn quietness (Caldwell 1960). In MacKinlays (2006) perception that care of individuals who are enduring intends to walk the excursion of enduring with them, to be available with them and bona fide in mindful (p. 167) I am helped to remember Jesus advising his supporters to watch and implore (Matthew 26:36-46)â to take the stand. We can't fix the scriptural most noticeably awful foe of the lethal sting however we CAN mind earnestly regarding that the shroud isn't our own to form and that the section will consistently have an end (Hudson, 2012). Jesus, in getting human and by his passing and restoration, massacres demise and gives revival any expectation of a body liberated from maturing, decay and fragility, giving plan to all individuals, particularly those in the fourth age. Terminal sicknesses don't hinder individuals the manner in which they used to; an individual troubled with such an ailment can live a long and sensibly well life. Subsequently fatal illness is tangled in a morals web concerning restricted wellbeing assets, adding to subsidizing and network pressures. These strains inherently present moral issue in the value of administration arrangement. Originating from this is the touchy idea of changing to palliative consideration, and further to end-of-life care. End of life can be characterized as that piece of life where an individual is living with, and debilitated by, an in the long run deadly condition, regardless of whether the guess is uncertain, or obscure. The World Health Organization characterizes palliative consideration as a methodology that improves the personal satisfaction of people and their families confronting the issues related with perilous ailment, through the counteraction and alleviation of enduring by methods for early distinguishing proof and faultless appraisal and the board of agony and different needs, physical, mental and profound. There is further pressure encompassing correspondence and generational information. As with Jefferys Mrs Davis there can be gigantic holes in generational point of view which may bargain educated choices. The onus for dynamic in a palliative consideration group lies with the inhabitant themselves all in all, morally, whose duty is it to be certain that a choice is very much educated? What's more, further, who can be unprejudiced in giving data so as not to control a choice? Opposing convictions, clashing standards, and contending obligations between

Stalin's Effects on Society and Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Stalin's Effects on Society and Politics - Essay Example Further, by producing a socialist alliance from Asia to Europe, Stalin assisted with shaping the essential structure of global legislative issues in the second 50% of the twentieth century (Kopstein and Lichbach: 212-213). The Soviet tyrant Josef Stalin was a persuaded socialist just as a lifelong fan of Lenin’s thoughts regarding party association. He had the option to increase uncommon political force, ascending to the most elevated situation in the Leninist party dependent on his better institutional backings, authoritative abilities, ideological ideas, his relentless reliability to the gathering just as confidence in its possible triumph. Stalin gave a valiant effort to implement Leninist standards of â€Å"democratic centralism†, of severe gathering order and command over a threatening society (Kopstein and Lichbach: 214). A few issues went up against Marxists in the Soviet Union, after their progressive triumph, for example, how to manufacture â€Å"socialism† in a prevalently worker nation without the help of common unrests in further developed industrialist nations. The arrangements that were planned and actualized by Stalin, at last obliterated a large number of individuals and left a substantial weight of monetary conditions as an inheritance for post-Soviet Russia. However, Stalinism was the most predictable ideological position that could effectively be received after Lenin’s passing, when contrasted with the three restricting positions embraced by Stalin’s adversaries having a place with the Left, the Right and the Orthodox Center. The Left was going by the well known progressive Leon Trotsky who impelled Soviet specialists to try harder to quickly construct a solid mechanical foundation, and contended that the Bolsheviks should stive to instigate upheavals all through west ern Europe. Notwithstanding, Trotsky’s force and impact declined quickly by 1924, with party individuals and standard specialists feeling sick of progressive interests following three years of universal war, a time of insurgency and three years of

Smoking among college students Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Smoking among undergrads - Research Paper Example It is imperative to know the genuine intentions behind smoking before making any sort of preventive move. The majority of the individuals begin smoking during their high school because of companion weight or requirement for endorsement by their companions. A few youths additionally accept that smoking really encourages them keep fit as a fiddle and have poise, while others state it makes them look cool. As per the factual information, the pace of smoking has expanded by 30 % during 1993-1997 among the undergrads. Studies show that the measures which can be taken by the schools experts so as to lessen the degree of smoking among the youthful understudies. Specialists accept that taking preventive measures is better than sudden forbiddance from smoking which can cause the contrary impact on the understudies. The high pace of smoking among understudies can be clarified by forceful publicizing and special exercises meant to build the size of the market. The charming promotions throwing attractive and lovely models, really entices the youths to smoke. Tobacco industry centers around deals advancement more than some other industry on the planet. Organizations spend an immense measure of speculation to arrive at youths. Youths, of 18-24 years, become the primary objective market for the tobacco business. The organizations circulate free cigarettes outside the shows and school clubs so as to draw in an ever increasing number of individuals towards their brands. The business has likewise included the youth in the limited time exercises. These sorts of forceful advancement exercises have drawn countless more youthful parts to smoking. Special exercises in bars and night clubs were begun during 1980s. The degree of tobacco utilization among understudies was undefined, however the some field examines show that almost every undergrad was associated with those special exercises during 1990s. It has been anticipated that the undergrads will become principle shoppers of tobacco in the following not many years. The tobacco organizations dispatch their limited time battle for the most part in the urban areas, attempting to trap the youthful shoppers through different publicizing medium and methods. Indeed, even the understudies who need more introduction to the bars and night clubs can be impacted by the substantial promoting by various brands. For example, Asian American understudies have become the primary objective for some, limited time crusades expecting to discover new clients. College Health Centers can assist with forestalling and diminish smoking rate by instructing the understudies about the illnesses brought about by smoking. Smoking ought to likewise be carefully denied inside the school premises. Therapists have found the different approaches to control smoking propensities inside the more youthful understudies by giving distinctive mental medicines to stopping smoking. They have likewise worked after finding the connection among smoking and media presentation of the people. Further in their exploration works therapists have likewise attempted to break down the components which can add to rouse or de-persuade people from smoking. The past examinations have characterized smokers by their age, sex and race and have given the factual information as needs be. The primary subject of the paper is to look at the connection which exists among smoking and factors, for example, the companion weight, stress and sadness. Philosophy

”My Mother Said I Never Should” and ”A Midsummer Nights Dream’ Essay

I have been taking a shot at the content of both †My Mother Said I Never Should† and †A Midsummer Nights Dream’. In this article I will take a gander at numerous parts of the two pieces and look at them, referencing their likenesses and their disparities. †My Mother Said I Never Should† was written in 1985 and set from between the second World War and the mid 80’s. †A Midsummer Nights Dream† was written in the sixteenth Century and set in whatever timespan the peruser sees it. Subsequently the two plays are both written before yet they are distinctive as a result of the time they are set. This distinction is on the grounds that †My Mother Said I Never Should† is based inside 10 years while †A Midsummer Nights Dream† can be set whenever period however the story is intended to all be over inside the space of one day. Since †A Midsummer Nights Dream† is set in one day, it dissimilar to †My Mother Said I Never Should† which hops between various years in the 1980’s. There are equivalent similitudes and contrasts with regards to the general public of the plays. The two of them show the high status of the moms in question and the same one another; Margaret and Titania need to keep their kids. The family desires in both the plays re comparative in light of the fact that in â€Å"‘My Mother Said I Never Should†, Margaret is continually advising Jackie to work more earnestly and find a decent line of work since she has elevated standards of her. In †A Midsummer Nights Dream† Hermia’s father needs her to wed Lysander and trust in her to satisfy this desire. The plays are distinctive with regards to the language and the style of the manner in which the individuals live, the characters in ‘My Mother Said I Never Should’ are progressively present day that those in ‘A Midsummer Nights Dream’. The character is ‘My Mother Said I Never Should’ are genuine characters with main problems, though those in ‘A Midsummer Nights Dream’ are not exactly practical in light of the fact that they are pixies and are pretend. Along these lines, ‘My Mother Said I Never Should’ is progressively sensible in view of the issues and the crowd can relate and identify with the issues engaged with the play, however in ‘A Midsummer Nights Dream’, it is a satire and it is intended to be appreciated and not comprehended. The outfits in ‘My Mother Said I Never Should’ are typical for that time yet in ‘A Midsummer Nights Dream’ they are extravert and something nobody could ever wear regardless of what timeframe, this again adds to it’s dream. When discussing the key subjects of the plays, they are entirely equivalent. As a rule in a scene it is just two individuals talking at once and the discussions are exceptionally tense and loaded up with feeling. In the two plays they incorporate moms battling about a kid. Love is the fundamental topic in both of the plays in the event that you look underneath the words and consider subtext. The adoration in ‘My Mother Said I Never Should’ is among Jackie and Margaret in spite of their battling and moreover with Titania and Oberon. Alongside this affection there is additionally a great deal of outrage inside this adoration that we see. With regards to key subjects the plays are clearly extraordinary in light of the fact that, ‘A Midsummer Nights Dream’s’ characters are pixies yet are genuine individuals in ‘My Mother Said I Never Should’. The styles of the play are totally different however they share the subject of belligerence and that the fundamental characters concerned are completely attracted with one another. Not at all like ‘My Mother Said I Never Should’, ‘A Midsummer Nights Dream’ has numerous characters. In any case, the undeniable distinction is that one is a parody and one is a sensible play and they need the crowd to feel various feelings if any whatsoever in ‘A Midsummer Nights Dream’ case. The fundamental clear distinction between the play, which can undoubtedly be seen, is the language of the plays. ‘My Mother Said I Never Should’ utilizes present day language, which can be seen totally, though ‘A Midsummer Nights Dream’ utilizes early English, which implies that the crowd may free sight of the plot and become involved with the language detracting from the pleasure in the play. Despite the fact that this is in this way, it doesn't remove the satire component of the spot, which is appreciated by all. All in all I appreciated contemplating these two plays since I had the option to go into more profundity and set out to find the real story. This gave me a more prominent comprehension of the plays and will assist me with future exhibitions and tests. When assuming the jobs myself, I could perceive how the plays were comparable just as being unique. Showcasing the pieces the main thing that struck me was the manner by which diverse the language was and in ‘Midsummer Nights Dream’ it was more enthusiastically to comprehend which made it hard to utilize tones and express a few feelings without complete comprehension of the play. In ‘My Mother Said I Never Should’ it was simpler and progressively loose to proceed as it related more with cutting edge life and the feelings were simple and direct to comprehend. The responses from the crowds were additionally totally different. In ‘A Midsummer Nights Dream’ the crowd watch with blesses their appearances at times grinning where as in ‘My Mother Said I Never Should’ the earnestness of the pieces was appeared on their looks. I found that in light of much arrangement and comprehension of the plays before chipping away at them it implied that they could be performed considerably more effectively and increased great analysis.

Weapons Training Essay Example For Students

Weapons Training Essay Weapons Training Bruce Dawe ‘Weapons Training’ was composed by Bruce Dawe. Who got one of Australia’s most notable writers in the 1960’s. In 1959 he joined the RAAF, Royal Australian Air Force, and left to turn into an educator in 1968. As his occupation in the RAAF, Bruce filled in as an aviation based armed forces official, an individual of high rankings. Also, from his years battling in the Vietnam War, and serving our nation, Dawe †alongside numerous others, composed a generous measure of dissent, or hostile to war sonnets. A significant number of which turned out to be very notable. My own understanding of this sonnet is a teacher, or individual of high position, showing newcomers their weapons, and the genuine experience of war. This is done to guarantee that the new officers are readied and totally comprehend what is normal of the coming months. The sonnet is about an encounter, instead of an individual. This was probably an individual encounter of Dawe’s, the same number of individuals in his position composed verse about ordinary encounters all through the war. Bruce Dawe is an Australian that loathed war; along these lines this sonnet speaks to the violence and fierceness of war. We will compose a custom paper on Weapons Training explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now In this manner, since he detested war, he just speaks to the ruthlessness of war; he utilizes a quiet and essentially doesn’t raise the issue of the purposes behind war. He just considers was a superfluous for the war to occur, no uncertainties, buts or maybes. The explanation for troopers composing verse while at war, other than them expelling their restrained feelings in a solid way, was to carry truth to the general population. The perspectives that a normal individual, living in a standard society has on war, contrast incredibly to one that has battled the hardships of war themselves. The manner by which individuals consider war is that it’s a courageous excursion taken by tough individuals that need to protect their nation, and will get back similarly as solid. Presently, to a limited degree this announcement is valid. Nonetheless, these tough individuals don't generally acknowledge how stunning the event of war might be before leaving. When it is acknowledged, numerous troopers brake down, and when they return it appears to be outlandish for them to make every moment count, as they have seen numerous that no longer have the abilities of doing so any longer. The principle subject of ‘Weapons Training’ is basically, war. This is clear as it is the thing that the sonnet depends on. It is an honest sonnet written to guarantee all realize that war isn’t all that it is by all accounts. War is an incredibly awful encounter for those included, and their families and encompassing companions need to understand this †and many do, through the verse composed during these seasons of grief. One of the thoughts depicted in this sonnet is that of the male sexuality. During the long stretches of war, the male fighters would typically be in nearness to each other. This at that point raises the contention of homosexuality. As is raised in the content, ‘you there what’s the issue, for what reason would you say you are seeing me, are you strange? ’ This sonnet is a skeptical and cruel dissent sonnet. The artist sounds forceful and requesting, this is appeared through the language utilized all through the sonnet. ‘Open that channel you call a mind and tune in. ’ Similar language is available all through the whole content; the artist doesn't change the manner by which the sonnet was composed, as in this manner the state of mind doesn't change. It is anything but difficult to envision the sergeant talking powerfully, telling the officers that they won’t return the equivalent. .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 , .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .postImageUrl , .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 , .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:hover , .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:visited , .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:active { border:0!important; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:active , .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:hover { haziness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enhancement: underline; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enrichment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ue462c068f472774 a61526bea13025ab4 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Social Work Interventions and Strategies to promot EssayHis tone is taught, yet cruel towards his understudies. The sonnet is made to be said in a negative tone, on the grounds that the subject depicted it that of a negative occurrence. The writer isn’t keeping anything down; he says precisely what he thinks, without the worry of how, neither the officers nor the peruser will respond. The reader’s reaction to the sonnet, loaded up with cruel colloquialisms and forceful language, is an acknowledgment of the truth and severity of war, hence, causing the peruser to feel compassion towards those that have spent piece of their lives battling for our nation in the war. Their acknowledgment of this has had any kind of effect, and the artist is fruitful in carrying truth and feeling to people in general. Dawe utilizes holes in his content. He anticipates that the perusers should know somewhat the abhorrences of war and strife. In spite of the fact that he gives realistic symbolism, he anticipates that the responders should have the option to relate them to their very own encounters, in this way upgrading the nature of this sonnet by making a connection between the perusers and demise because of war and struggle. In particular, he utilizes language to stand out to his perspectives on war and its repulsions. He speaks to this contention as distinctive symbolism which adds to the motional part of the content; along these lines making enthusiasm through strain and the readers’ past experience. Starting with ‘and’ shows that the sergeant has been talking when the peruser enters the image, and his language is a persistent stream. Hence, giving the impression to the peruser as though they are inside an officer and he had not been tuning in and just rejoined the discussion. The discourse never does reach a full stop; there are facetious inquiries to raise the contribution of the peruser â€Å"only to discover back home as a result of your position; your odds of turning the key in the start; impressively decreased? Okay currently assume In this model, Bruce Dawe utilizes a facetious inquiry to make a climate that is severe and restrained. The kind of language utilized, is certainly a method that draws in the crowd. Various types of verse are utilized in the content. On the second line of the sonnet, a likeness in sound is utilized ‘and when I state eyes right I need to hear those eyeballs click and the delicate sound of falling dandruff’. Likeness in sound is the development or utilization of words that impersonate the sounds related with the items or activities they allude to. Pitter patter’ is a case of this. This sonnet incorporates a metaphor, which is characterized as an interesting expression where misrepresentation is utilized for accentuation or impact. The sonnet develops to the end saying ‘you know what you are? You’re dead dead’ this is a misrepresentation to underscore the contention of war. Bruce Dawe is stating that all that war ends up bein g is men executing others, as a goals †when nothing should result in these present circumstances. My own reaction in perusing this dissent sonnet is that war is an occasion that no individual ought to ever be dependent upon. I’ve learnt through perusing this sonnet and doing research on war that it influences the trooper from multiple points of view. The greatest negative influence found in military individuals is PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. ) Its said to have been brought about by an awful encounter (individual fighter passes on, shot a non military personnel unintentionally) in which the human brain doesnt realize how to recoup from. The impacts impersonate melancholy: feeling isolated from others, contemplations of self destruction, and some are unique, for example, expanded affectability to boisterous commotions. This sonnet had a fairly huge effect on me; it carried reality to my past considerations of war. Along these lines, causing me to consider not just the warriors themselves and the manner in which they have needed to live their lives and the disasters they have confronted, however their families too. These groups of the officers have needed to go through every single day pondering whether their youngster, father, mother or sibli

New Student Photo Series #6 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New Student Photo Series #6 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Max Arvid Anderson will be joining SIPA in two weeks.   He will be among 200+ new students pursuing the Master of International Affairs degree this fall.   Before beginning his studies, Max spent his summer in the Economic and Social Council Chamber at the UN Headquarters in New York. The silly grin on my face is due to some over-the-top self satisfaction, the fatigue is due to spending the summer working. The picture was taken last month, when the draft resolution on General Assembly Revitalization was adopted by consensus in the Ad Hoc Working Group on GA Revitalization. The GA Revitalization process is a yearly affair (like so many things at the UN), and was formalised after the 2005 World Summit. This year I had the privilege to function as negotiator on behalf of the European Union and its Member States. The other main stake holders are the NAM, certain members of the Security Council and UN Member States who value the GA and the UN reform process. This year proved particularly difficult due to well known political sensitivities when it comes to the selection and appointment of the next UNSG, due to take place in 2016. On a more consensual note, we managed to agree that the Security Council elections for non-permanent members should take place earlier than Oc tober; to allow smaller UN Member States to adequately prepare for the two years they spend there.

Visual Narration of Cupid and Psyche Essay - 1100 Words

Visual Narration of Cupid and Psyche (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Tutor:Course:Date:Visual Narration of Cupid and PsycheNeoclassicism is an artistic style that gained popularity in the late 18th century. It was fueled by a desire to reject the existing Rococo and Baroque art forms. Neoclassic art was founded on the need to address moral ideas such as justice, patriotism, loyalty and honor. Intellectual enlightenment during the French Revolution is one of the critical factors that led to the emergence of neoclassicism; art founded on rebellion.David-Louis Jacques was one of the most important painters in Europe during this delicate period of upheaval and change. He was born into a prosperous, bourgeoisie family in 1748 and begun training in art with a distant relative, then proceeded to the prestigious Academie Royale. His paintings presented a radical shift from the previous forms of art and engaged the moral conscience of his audience. Davidà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s method of art involved great detail, repetition and dramatic effects. The aim of this paper is to create a visual narrative that relates David-Louis Jacquesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ painting of Cupid and Psyche and the story in Lucius Apuleius's Golden Ass.The story of Cupid and Psyche is a popular Greek mythological fable that explores the themes of love, betrayal, jealousy, wandering, revival and compassion. The Golden Ass explains it as a case of rape breading familiarity, and then blossoming to love. Whichever the case, the story of Cupid and Psyche has transcended the borders of time to become of the most popular Greek fables. In modern society, images of Cupid and Psyche are a representation of everlasting love.In the Golden ass, the Greek fable is more about the story of Psyche. It is the story of a girlà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s transition from maidenhood to womanhood; the story of a jealous goddess, the blossoming love between an immortal god and a mortal girl, deception, punishment, death and revival into immortality. In order to understand Jacquesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ painting, it is important to have a brief summary of the fable.Psyche was born of the union between her mother, Queen Endelechia and Apollo. She had two older sisters who took care of her as a baby. Psyche grew into a beautiful woman, and attracted a lot of suitors. Her beauty was unrivalled on earth, and people from neighboring kingdoms came to worship her. This infuriated Venus, the goddess of love and by far the most beautiful creature in heaven and earth. Venus ordered her son Cupid to punish Psyche by making her fall in love with an ugly monster. Cupid descended to earth ready to grant his motherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s wishes, but instead fell in love with Psyche.After losing favor with Venus, Psyche could not find a suitor to marry her in spite of her great beauty. Her parents consulted Apollo the great oracle, and he replied that she would fall in love with a monster on top of a mountain. Undeterred by the dreadful news, Psyche bid her parents to take her to the mountain to find love. At the top of the mountain, a gentle zephyr blew Psyche to a magical garden where a magnificent palace stood. She ventured into the palace, and a gentle voice told her that would be her new home. Unbeknown to Psyche, this was the palace of Cupid, who had gone against Venusà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ orders and decided to keep Psyche for himself.Cupid went to visit Psyche in her chambers deep in the night and raped her. Over the course of time, the couple grew acquainted and fell in love. The only condition was that Psyche was never allowed to see Cupid, since he only visited her at night. At first, the maiden was quite pleased with this arrangement until her sisters poisoned her mind out of jealousy. They beseeched her to find out the true identity of her lover. Psyche went against the orders of Cupid and brought a lamp and knife in the middle of the night. In the process, she dropped hot oil on his shoulders and scathed him severely. Angered by her actions, Cupid flew back to the heavens leaving Psyche in shock and despair.Venus was infuriated by these events, and decided to punish Psyche by bestowing upon her perilous labors. Psyche, through the secret help of compassionate gods, managed to complete all tasks given by Venus. Nonetheless, she failed her final task and died. Cupid recovered from his wound, and was deeply saddened by what had transpired in his absence. He went to Zeus, King of the Gods and prayed for his loverà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s revival. Zeus granted his wish by giving Psyche a glass of ambrosia; a life-giving drink that made her immortal and forever tied to Cupid through marriage.David-Louis Jacquesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ painting à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Cupid and Psycheà ¢...

Article Review on Inside the Wrong Body - 1253 Words

Article Review on â€Å"Inside the Wrong Body† Introduction In the article, â€Å"Inside the Wrong Body† by Carrie Arnold the main topic of study is about interoceptionability in humans. According to Carrie, interoceptionsimply is the knowledge of one’s internal bodily functions (Arnold, 2012). In other words, it is an explanation of an individual’s ability to be able to understand their internal body functions and relate it to the external images. Generally, this topic of study is very important since it helps individuals understand the reason why their bodies. For instance, the study simply tries to educate people on the importance of having high interoceptionability. Hence, informing people that by knowing their inner selves and bodily†¦show more content†¦In other words, the article has both strengths and weaknesses; however, the strengths of the article overwhelm the weaknesses of the article. For instance, in the article, Carrie does not only give information, but also provides evidence by givi ng real life examples and research studies that have been done on the issue of discussion. Further, Carrie makes the article valid by creating a clear understanding of the subject matter to the reader. For instance, Carrie begins the article by providing a clear definition of the key word ‘interoception’ and relates it to the bodily functions, then explains how an individual’s inability to interoception creates many problems to them, especially health related problems (Arnold, 2014, April 17). Additionally, the article has been made stronger since the discussions are grouped into different sections. This enables a reader distinguish clearly between various discussions hence there is no confusion during reading. However, what makes the article much valid is the fact that Carrie has provided examples based on research studies done as evidence to her insinuations. Despite, the strengths, the major weakness of the article is that the author has failed to provide nega tive information concerning the subject matter. In other words, Carrie only focuses on proving to people that the subject matter has some sense. This is right in a literal work, but there must be some contradicting information thatShow MoreRelatedCommunity Verse Law Enforcement Has A Big Conflict Between1635 Words   |  7 Pagespolice car. They had release another method to equip police officers with body worn cameras and this camera will have a better view when police officer interact with citizens. Police officers should wear body cameras because it will enforce officer accountability, earns back public trust, and provides evidence in court when a witness may not be able to provide. 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An autopsy revealed that she died from strangulation and blunt force trauma† (Evans, 2014). Johnson laid in her home until the nex t day because no one knew that anything was wrong. On February 2, 1991, Johnson’s daughter, Shirley England, â€Å"went to her mother’s house because the family couldn’t get her on the phone. When England arrived, she found her mother’s body† (McFallRead MoreThe Truth About Princesses in Fairy Tales830 Words   |  4 Pagesadorable dresses; cute shoes , baby clothes that say â€Å"princess† on it and either a bow or a bedazzled head band, perhaps a room that is nothing but pink, letters on her wall over looking her crib saying â€Å"Mommy’s little Princess†. There is nothing wrong with spoiling your baby girl. But as time goes her idea of her gender role begins to develop. Buying her princess toys, surrounding her with pink, and watching the Disney movies about how princesses are beautiful, always gets her prince charming, and

Themes Of The Great Gatsby And The Things They Carried

Christopher Schmidt Skillman Am Lit 5 May 2015 The Theme of Transformation in Various Texts In the texts Huck Finn, The Great Gatsby, and The Things They Carried, a major theme is the transformation of self, which happens through choice, through experience, or a combination of both. In The Great Gatsby, Jay makes the conscious choice to transform himself from the poor farmer boy, which he was born as, into an Oxford-educated rich millionaire, all so that he could win the heart of a girl. In Huck Finn, Huck ends up on a raft with a slave named Jim, and through the course of the whole story Huck experiences events that ultimately transform him from a young southern boy into a young adult knowing right from wrong by how he reacts to these experiences with Jim. Finally, in The Things They Carried, Jimmy Cross makes the conscious decision not necessarily to transform himself, but to take on responsibilities after the death of one of his men which in turn force change upon him. These responsibilities transform him. In The Great Gatsby, a prominent underlying theme is self transformation, or the reinventing of oneself. Throughout the book Gatsby is not what he says he is. He made up his whole life story in order to impress a girl he falls in love with before he is sent off to war. Jay Gatsby sets out to completely reinvent himself in every way, starting with his name. Growing up in the midwest, he was James Gatz, son of poor a poor farmer. In the text, the characters thatShow MoreRelatedThe Things They Carried And The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1507 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout literary history, one main theme most writers favor to focus on is the human condition. The Things They Carried and The Great Gatsby are just two examples of many written in which this theme is present. 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The author uses various colors and physical places such as the green light at Daisy’s dock as Gatsby’s unattainable dream of being with Daisy while the Eyes of T.J Eckleburg in the valley of ashes to portray as God’s eyes as well as the reader’s eyes watching Gatsby yearn forRead MoreAnalysis Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1437 Words   |  6 PagesJacob Levy Language Arts 3/29/16 Gatsby Paper The Impact of Money Money plays a huge role throughout this book. Especially in a negative way. Let us look at how money affects each character. First is Tom who is born into a rich family, was a great football player and became an old man with thinning hair and an awful, arrogant and cruel personality. This exposes to us that Tom is a cruel and immoral individual because of wealth and that beyond a doubt he has been persuaded and corrupted by the greed

Beloved By Tori Morrison A Book Of Ghosts With Love,...

The idea that everyone needs love, compassion, and the feeling of belonging prescribes to everyone. Everyone needs a family. Even ghosts. In the stories, novels, and poems that we have discussed in class, the ghosts are attached to family or to a specific loved one. Michael Newton tells us that this is true for all ghost stories. In Beloved by Tori Morrison, Beloved comes back to be with her family and to make a connection with her family. In The Readjustment by Mary Austin Emma Jeffries had come back from the dead to haunt her husband Sim. In Turn of the Screw by M.R James the valet and old governess comes back. Even Shakespeare intertwined ghosts with love in his play Macbeth. Every ghost story involves a family or significant other being haunted or watched over by a loved one. In Michael Newton’s Introduction to the Penguin Book of Ghost Stories, he states that â€Å"when ghosts come back they are attached to a person or place.† This is relevant in all of the storie s that we have discussed in class. The ghosts don t just come back to be back, they come back for a reason. In The Readjustment the wife comes back to haunt her husband because of the way he acted after she passed. In Beloved, Beloved comes back to be with her mother and the rest of her family. In Turn of the Screw, the valet and governess come back to be with the children that they watched her before passing. The ghosts were â€Å"stuck† in this world until they were able to say goodbye or hear what they needed to

Essay about Japanese Baseball Nippon Professional Baseball

Baseball has homegrown roots here in America. Starting in 1839 it instantly became a phenomenon that still captures American hearts and attention spans today. The Japanese created their own league called the Nippon Professional Baseball in 1920. Though they borrowed the idea and sport, there are key differences in how the game is played on the tiny island nation. In true Japanese fashion, they took an idea making innovations and improvements to create something resembling the past but yet having differences to stand on its own. The Nippon league and the Major League Baseball (MLB) possess similarities in regard to rules. Both countries along with countless other nations wear uniforms that all parallel one another. The physical game is†¦show more content†¦It gives American players more experience and a shot to play for a major league organization. Often paid more than minor league players but less than major leaguers, American players come to play on the island to gain more experience and a longer career than a U.S. player would. But once they come to play here American players get culture shock. Besides the obvious differences, American players are given different values to uphold than back in America. American players are often overshadowed by Japanese players even if their stats are better. The Japanese managers do want to win and have American players do well but they would rather a Japanese player hit home runs and help the team over Americans. This steams from Japanese culture which has remained unchanged for many centuries. Japanese culture is centralized around harmony and balance. Japanese teams do not want American players to outshine others. If a player hits multiple home runs an umpire will expand or shrink the strike zone for American players so they don’t hit as many home runs to balance them with the other players and team. No singular team wants to â€Å"crush† another. This is why playing for a tie is important in Japan b ecause through ties honor is neither gained nor lost. For championships a team will win only a few games over another, whereas American teams, will often win ten or more games more overall than their opponent.Show MoreRelatedEssay on Japanese Baseball1266 Words   |  6 PagesJapanese Baseball Japanese Baseball has existed in Japan since 1873. It first appeared amid the social, cultural and technological spasms Japan endured on the heels of the Meiji restoration. The game began as a club sport; Japans first team was the Shinbashi Athletic Club Athletics (composed mostly of people associated with Japans first railroad which ran from Shinbashi, in Tokyo, to Yokohama). 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For general information on our otherRead MoreDamodaran Book on Investment Valuation, 2nd Edition398423 Words   |  1594 PagesUnited States use straight line depreciation for financial reporting while using accelerated depreciation for tax purposes, since firms can report better earnings with the for mer1, at least in the years right after the asset is acquired. In contrast, Japanese and German firms often use accelerated depreciation for both tax and financial reporting purposes, leading to reported income which is understated relative to that of their U.S. counterparts. Current Assets Current assets include inventory, cash

Chapter 14 Section 3 Free Essays

Terms Names * Andrew Carnegie- a Scottish-American industrialist, businessman, entrepreneur and a major philanthropist. * Vertical Integration-a company’s taking over its suppliers and distributors and transportation systems to gain total control over the quality and cost of its product. * Horizontal Integration- the merging of companies that make similar products. We will write a custom essay sample on Chapter 14 Section 3 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Social Darwinism- an economic and social philosophy—supposedly based on the biologist Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection—holding that a system of unrestrained competition will ensure the survival of the fittest. * John D. Rockefeller- an American oil magnate. * Sherman Antitrust Act- a law, enacted in 1890, that was intended to prevent the creation of monopolies by making it illegal to establish trusts that interfered with free trade.Samuel Gompers- an English-born American labor union leader and a key figure in American labor history (founded AFL). * American Federation of Labor (AFL)- an alliance of trade and craft unions, formed in 1886. * Eugene V. Debs- an American union leader, one of the founding members of the International Labor Union and the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), and several times the candidate of the Socialist Party of America for President of the United States. Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)- a labor organization for unskilled workers, formed by a group of radical unionists and socialists in 1905. * Mary Harris Jones- a prominent American labor and community organizer, who helped co-ordinate major strikes and co-founded the Industrial Workers of the World. 2. Main Idea 3. Do you think that the tycoons of the late 19th century are best described as ruthless robber barons or as effective captains of industry?I believe that the tycoons of the late 19th century are best described as effective captains of industry because they were never committing any crimes to achieve the immense amounts of money they made. More importantly they didn’t keep the money for themselves (proves their unselfishness). They donated their money to organizations that were beneficial for others, not themselves. How to cite Chapter 14 Section 3, Papers

Fire Emergency Drill Essay Example For Students

Fire Emergency Drill Essay CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Background Fire safety is everybody’s concern. Poor fire safety practices and improper planning for fire emergency can consequently lead to critical situations. This is more threatening particularly for buildings which accommodate laboratories, chemical stores or server rooms. Observance and application of fire prevention principles can help to reduce or eliminate potential fire hazards. Moreover, much emphasis must be put on elaboration of a well designed emergency plan that defines the appropriate procedures to be followed in case of a fire. Implementation and practice of this plan through fire emergency drills is vital. The main focus of this study being importance of fire drills and setting up of an emergency plan, I proceed to present an overview of the importance of performing fire drills and the roles and responsibilities of participants. In a general view, performing fire drills allow all persons to practice their respective roles and also gain experience in these assigned roles; better knowledge and confidence is acquired so as to evacuate the institution in a safely manner. Practice of fire emergency drills can also help in improving the academic institution’s â€Å"system† for managing fire emergencies. Further in this study, we shall have a more detailed view about performing fire drills. 1. 2 Aims and objectives of this study are: * To highlight the importance of performing fire drills. * To have a better knowledge of fire hazards and the classes of fire associated to the respective fire hazard. * To understand the need for fire safety and principles of fire prevention. * To identify different means of fire detection and fire fighting in a building. To have a brief overview of roles and responsibilities of different persons during a fire drill exercise. * To learn more about the means of escape. * To identify and understand the different steps in preparing and writing procedures of a fire emergency plan. * To observe and locate through a walk through audit, any shortcomings in terms of fire fighting and fire prevention. * To make recomm endations for the improvement of the current available means of fire fighting and fire prevention. CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 2. 1 Introduction In the literature review below, we shall discuss about the principles of fire prevention, the types of fires hazards, the different classes of fire, the means for fire detection and fire warning, the existing ways for fighting fires and finally, the means of fire escape. 2. 2 Fire hazards A fire hazard situation is created when there are risks of harm and damage to people and property respectively, due to fire. There are many ways through which fire hazards can cause fires to start. However, the general principle for a fire to start is, when there is a combination of the following three sources: ignition source, fuel and oxygen. Sources of ignition include any source of heat that can get hot enough to ignite materials. Some examples are: * Hot surfaces * Naked flames and hot gases * Mechanically created sparks in grinding or frictional processes for example. * Poor electrical installations; damaged cables * Electromagnetic fields from high frequency installations. * Ionizing radiation * Chemical reactions whereby heat is developed. * Chemical substances * Lighting equipment (Henkel, 2001) Anything that burns easily can be seen as a source of fuel. In an educational institution, some sources of fuel may include the following: * Flammable gases and liquefied petroleum gas * Flammables liquids, solvents and chemicals * Paper and books * Teaching materials * Waste products and litter * Cleaning agents * Carpet tiles. (HM Government, 2006) The major source of oxygen is air. Air is present in an enclosed building and can be introduced or extracted to and from the building through the use of extraction systems. Additional oxygen can be provided by oxidizing chemicals and from gas cylinders used to store oxygen. Below is a list of some other common fire hazards. (HM Government, 2006) * Electrical hazards * Broken sockets and switches * Faulty plugs * Overloaded sockets and circuits * Problems with lighting fixtures * Inadequate insulation of cables * Housekeeping hazards * Trash and scraps * Sawdust * Obstructed emergency exits * Friction hazards * Damaged machine parts * Insufficient lubricant Wrong adjustment for moving parts of machine * Process or operation-related hazards * Work operations involving the use of open flame and which create spark, for example: welding. Ignition of combustibles due to molten metal. * Operations involving the evolution of flammable vapors. * Storage hazards * Insufficient ventilation in chemical store rooms for example. * Failure to store incompatibles separately in different storage cabinets. * storage of flammables near to heat. * Smoking hazards * Not taking into account â€Å"No Smoking† signs. * Smoking in chemical store rooms or near to flammabl es * Throwing cigarettes or matches everywhere (Henkel, 2001) 2. 3 Classes of fire When fighting fires, it is necessary to choose the right type of fire extinguisher. The choice of the fire extinguisher is based on the class of fire which depends upon the material being burnt in the fire. Table 1 gives a summary of the classes of fire and the type of burning material or fuel source. Table 1: Classes of fire Fuel source| CLASSES OF FIRE| | Labels| American| European/ Australian/ Asian| Ordinary combustiblesPaper, wood, trash, textiles, fibrous materials| | A| A| Flammable liquidsSolvents, paints, grease, waxes, petrol, oil, tar, thinnerFlammable gasesButane, methane, propane| | B| B| | | | C| ElectricityLive electrical equipment| | C| E| Combustible metalsMagnesium, potassium, aluminium, sodium, titanium| | D| D| Cooking oilsVegetable oils, animal oils or fats at high temperatures| K| F| Source: Gielle Srl, 2003 2. 4 Means of fire fighting Fire fighting is the act of extinguishing a fire. Fires can be extinguished with the help of various equipments such as fire extinguishers, sprinkler systems, fire hose reels, fire blankets and other fire suppression systems. Let us have an overview of all these means and their applications. 2. 4. 1Portable fire-fighting equipment Two types of portable fire-fighting equipment are fire blankets and fire extinguishers. . 4. 1. 1 Portable fire extinguishers Fire extinguishers are a form of active fire protection. Portable fire extinguishers do not weigh much and are easily portable by hand. They are normally fixed to the wall, in a place whereby they can be easily visible and accessed by anyone. When selecting the appropriate fire extinguisher, it is essential to consider the fire ext inguisher agents, since each type or class of fire can be best fought with a specific extinguishing agent. Below, table 2 describes the different types of portable extinguishers and the classes of fire they are used for. Table 2: Different types of fire extinguisher Type of extinguisher| Extinguishing agent| Class of fire used for| 1. | | Dry chemical fire extinguisherMono ammonium phosphatesodium bicarbonatepotassium bicarbonate| A,B,CB,CB,C| 2. | | Foam extinguisherAqueous Film Forming Foam | A,B| 3. | | Water extinguisherAir-water pressurized| A| 4. | | Carbon dioxide extinguisherCarbon dioxide| B,C| 5. | | Halon extinguisherhalotron| A,B,C| Source: University of California, 2010 1. Dry powder extinguisher Dry chemical extinguishers generally stops the chemical reaction and extinguishers the fire by separating the fuel from the oxygen. Mono ammonium phosphate is more corrosive than the other dry chemical agents. It is able to melt at 177 degrees Celsius to suppress a fire. * Sodium bicarbonate is the first dry chemical agent that has been developed. It is used for class B and C fires, but is ineffective for class A fires. * Potassium bicarbonate is the most effective dry chemical agent, since it i s able to decrepitate; the powder cracks and break into small particles. It is used in class B and C fires. * Uses: Schools, laboratories, kitchens, hospitals. 2. Foam extinguisher Foam normally creates a film and floats on flammable liquids (petrol and diesel), preventing oxygen to reach the fuel. Thus, preventing reignition or flashback. Uses: Used in workshops, laboratories. 3. Water extinguisher Air- pressurized water extinguisher is commonly used in extinguishing class A fires, since it is cheap and harmless. The extinguisher contains water, which is non- conductive and a compressed gas. It can be applied from a considerable distance to extinguish a fire. On use, it cools the surface of the burning material by removing heat. Cleaning up operation after suppressing a fire is easy. Uses: Stockrooms, offices, school. 4. Carbon dioxide extinguisher Carbon dioxide, a non-flammable gas is stored as a compressed liquid. On expansion, it cools the surroundings. In fact, the fire is overcome by displacement of oxygen. No cleaning up is needed, as there is no residue left after use. Uses: Laboratories, computer rooms, food storage areas. 5. Halon extinguisher Halogl I is a vapourizing liquid which has the ability to inhibit a chemical reaction in a fire. It leaves no residue after use, hence no need for cleaning up, and it is non –conductive. Uses: computer rooms, telecommunication areas. United States Department of Labor, 2010) 2. 4. 1. 2 Sand buckets The fire sand bucket is a simple fire fighting means. It is usually filled with sand or another substance, known as flamezorb. The bucket has a lid and it is preferable to use one which is made of steel, instead of plastic, since plastic may crack easily. Fire buckets are cheap and easy to use. They must be locate d in a clearly visible place and also be well labeled. Sand is used in case of spills of flammable liquids or in oil fires, since it is able to suffocate the fire. Fire sand buckets may be present in laboratories or kitchens. In laboratories, two sand buckets may be available for use, complemented by the fire extinguishers. (Fire and safety centre, 2007) 2. 4. 1. 3 Fire blankets A fire blanket can be used to suppress a starting fire. The blanket is made of wool, treated with a flame retardant liquid. In case of fire, it is placed either on the burning material or surrounds the burning object. It acts by preventing oxygen to reach the object. The fire blanket is large and must be present for use in laboratories. It should also be visible and easily accessed. 2. 4. 2 Fixed fire fighting systems Fixed fire fighting systems can be installed in a building, particularly in places whereby fire hazards are present and where fires have a higher potential to occur, for example in laboratories or in server rooms. 2. 4. 2. 1 Fire hose reel Fire hose reel can be used to combat a fire, in addition to fire extinguishers. However hose reels must be located so that it can reasonably be accessed in fire emergencies. They are normally fixed to the wall. They must be used by trained people/ staff in an organization for example. With a fire hose reel, the direction and the flow of water can be controlled by a control nozzle. 2. 4. . 2 Sprinkler system Peter Bressington describes a sprinkler as being a â€Å"water-filled pipe-work fitted with thermal devices which discharge water in response to a fire†. (Bressington, 2010) Sprinklers are considered as a means of active fire protection. They are effective in controlling or suppressing fires, depending on its type. They can be installed i n any kind of premises: * Hotels * Educational institutions * Store rooms * Health care centre. They are useful in protection of lives and property. They can help to slow down the spread of a fire and hence are considered as a means to contribute to fire protection. In brief, other advantages of using a sprinkler system are: * Reduction in use of portable fire fighting equipment * To decrease temperature * To control the fire size and quantity of smoke produced Moreover, some other types of sprinklers are available, not only as fire protection equipment, but also as fire-fighting equipment. These are referred to as fire suppression sprinkler systems. Table 3 gives a quick view of types of fire suppression sprinkler systems, extinguishing agent, mode of action and uses. Table 3: Different types of suppression sprinkler systems Types of fire suppression sprinkler system| Extinguishing agent used| Mode of action| Uses| 1. Wet pipe suppression system| Water| The system is simple and reliable and is commonly used. It consists of a water source, control valves, system drains, alarms, pipes and sprinkler heads. Water is always present in pipes. As soon sprinkler heads open, water flows from them. | Used in warehouses, manufacturing industries, schools, libraries and activity centre. | 2. Dry pipe suppression system| Water| This system is the second most common one used after the wet pipe system. The piping contains pressurized air. As the sprinkler head open, there is a slight delay in the release of water, since the air must come out first, followed then by water. | In warehouses, parking garages, places exposed to freezing; refrigerated coolers. | 3. Deluge suppression system| Water| In this system, sprinklers are open, but water is not present in the piping. Consequently, a â€Å"deluge valve† prevents water from forcing into the pipes. As the system is operated by smoke or heat detectors, water flows into the piping and out of the sprinklers. | Used in building openings to decrease the speed of travel of fire. | 4. Preaction suppression system| Water| This system is a bit similar to dry system. A preaction valve is used instead of a deluge valve, but both valves perform the same function. In preaction system, a leak and loss of air in the piping result in the activation of a trouble alarm, which prevents preaction valve from opening, thus no water entering into the pipings. | To protect places where accidental activation of the system is unwanted; In museums, In computer rooms| 5. Foam water suppression system| Water and a mixture of foam| This system releases a mixture of foam and water, resulting in a foam spray on the flammable liquids. To deal with special types of hazards such as flammable liquids. | 6. Water spray suppression system| Water | This system is identical to the deluge system. However, it is designed to protect only one configured hazard, in contrast with deluge systems, designed to cover a horizontal area for example. | Protection of hazards. Example: (i). To protect electrica l transformers containing oil for cooling or turbo generator bearings. (ii). Provide external protection to tanks containing flammable materials by cooling the tank and its content, so as to avoid fire. | 7. Case Study on South Delaware Coors, Inc EssaySome examples of roles allocated to them are: * One person or a group of persons may be responsible for one floor or one department. * Helping every occupant to evacuate the area safely, giving special considerations to disabled persons and visitors. * Notifying the fire services. * Record the time taken for evacuation. * Making sure that no one has remained inside. * Organize a head count at the assembly point. 4. 6 Training Before carrying out the fire drill exercise, all members of the committee and other occupants of the building must be given training. Training sessions will help occupants of the building to: * know details of the building’s emergency plan * know two escape routes from their work area to go outside the building; primary and secondary exit. * Identify the location of Break Glass Units, fire fighting equipments and exit doors. * Know how to activate the alarm. * Recognize the sound of the alarm. * Understand the importance of reporting to the assembly point. 4. 7 Pre-drill actions * Choose which department(s) will respond to the fire emergency; one department at a time or all the three departments together. Announce the time and date on which the fire drill exercises will be conducted, so as to inform all occupants of their duty to participate * Remind designated persons about their roles. * Set the targeted time taken to evacuate the building/ premises. * Post respective floor plans at specific locations on each floor of the building ;near staircases * Prepare feedback forms for members of the committee, othe r participants and visitors. * Designate persons for collection of feedback forms. 4. 8 Fire drill procedures . 8. 1 Reporting a fire On discovering a fire, the person must: * Alert other persons around him by shouting â€Å"Fire! Fire! Fire! * Raise the alarm by breaking the break glass unit located near each staircase. This will activate the alarm and the horns present in the corridors will make other occupants aware of fire emergency. 4. 8. 2 Actions on hearing the alarm When hearing and recognizing the alarm sound, * Students, lecturers and other occupants must stop working and switch off any electrical apparatus in use. Those at ground floor must remain calm and proceed along the primary or secondary exit routes to the fire exit doors, guided by fire wardens, who will also record the time taken for evacuation. * Others on the first or secondary floors must also remain calm, go downstairs and follow the escape routes to go out of the building. * Responsible and respective perso ns must ensure that all the floors have been evacuated. * Along escape routes, people with difficulties must be assisted. * Go immediately to the designated assembly area. * Vehicles should be moved to provide free access and space for the Fire services. United States Department of Labor, 2010) 4. 8. 3 Disabled persons * During the fire drill, persons who have been assigned the responsibility of helping disabled persons, should help the latter to evacuate the building safely. 4. 8. 4 Calling the Fire Services * The fire services must be called on 115. * Precise information must be provided about: * The location of the fire; on ground floor, first floor or second floor * Where has the fire started (classroom, laboratory or offices) * Name of the calling person * Address of the premises On arrival, the Fire services must be notified about any special risks, such as flammable materials or dangerous equipments in the building. (Government fire services, 2006) 4. 8. 5 Roll call System * At the assembly point, head count is to be done by the selected persons to make sure that no one has remained in the premises. 4. 8. 6 Fire drill ending As the head count has been completed, the termination of the fire drill will be announced. Occupants will be informed as soon as it is safe to re enter the building. (U. S. Department of Homeland ,2009) 4. 9 Evaluation and analysis of the fire drill At the end of the fire drill, feedback forms are collected and analysed. This will help to: * determine the performance of each department. * Identify areas which need improvement and develop an implementation plan for improvements. * Identify strengths and weaknesses of the emergency plan. Hence modify and improve the plan. * See whether evacuation has been carried within the time limit. 4. 10 After action report This report will provide feedback to participants, and recommendations for improvement. 4. 11 Don’ts: * Re enter the building unless you have been instructed to do so. Leave the assembly point until you are told to do so. * Take heavy things or bags during evacuation. * Use lifts CHAPTER 5. RESULTS AND FINDINGS. The walk through audit allowed me to observe and fill in the prepared checklist found in appendix 7. Below is an overview of my observations. * Exit doors * There are a total of 4 exit doors on the ground floor for all the three departments, only 2 exit doors for the first floor and 2 exit doors for the second floor, found on the ground floor. * All the escape routes and exits are free from obstruction. * All doors open in the direction of escape. The doors can be easily opened. * Emergency lighting * There is no emergency lighting in the phase 2 building. * There exists a back-up power supply for the building. * Signs * There are a total of 2 exit signs on each floor, and they are located near the staircases. * There are no signs for direction along escape routes, downstairs and for the location of fire extinguishers, and break glass units. * Fire alarms and evacuation plan * There are no posted evacuation plans. * There is a manual fire alarm system operating in the building. * There are 2 Break Glass Unit on each floor, and are located near the staircase Horns are located at the top of each break glass unit. * There are no strobe lights present in the building. * Firefighting equipments and first aid * No sprinkler system is installe d in the building or risk areas. * There are no hose reels. * There is no first aid box available. * The building does not make use of any automatic fire detection system such as smoke/ gas or heat detectors. * Fire extinguishers are appropriate for their use, but are not clear visible and are insufficient in number. * Fire blankets are not easily accessible and visible. | | | CHAPTER 6. SHORTCOMINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS From the findings in chapter 5, I have been able to set up a list of shortcomings and make recommendations in this respect. 6. 1 Ground floor * Evacuation plans should be posted; 2 in the Engineering department near the two main exit doors, and one in the CITS department. * More fire extinguishers should be available and appropriate for use, especially in the laboratories. * Water sprinklers can be installed in the thermodynamics laboratory and chemical laboratories * Automatic fire detectors can be installed in laboratories * Exit doors should be clearly indicated by an ext sign. Direction of escape along escape routes must be shown by appropriate signs. * Hose reels should be installed because of risky areas at ground floor level. * Sings can be placed to indicate the fire alarm break glass unit and location of fire extinguishers. * An exit door in the chemical engineering laboratory is obstructed. * Doors which do not serve as exit must be indicated by â€Å"Not an exit sign† * Fire blankets should be placed in a visible place. 6. 2 First floor and second floor * More fire extinguishers are needed in the corridor along the escape routes and in classrooms and laboratories. Smoke detectors can be placed in lecture rooms, and laboratories. * An automatic fire suppression system should be installed in the computer laboratories. * There should be more than two exit staircases. With reference to the fire services guidelines for the service sector, chapter 3. 8, an alternative means of escape (staircase) made of metal or a non- combustible material can be provided for the first floor and the second floor. * Exit signs for doors and emergency signs for direction of escape must be placed. CONCLUSION AND FURTHER RESEARCH This study has helped in setting up procedures for a fire emergency. It is important to focus on the implementation of the plan. It’s only through implementation that weaknesses and strengths can be identified. Based on weaknesses and limitations of the plan, improvements can be made for a better plan which takes more aspects into considerations. Later on, the fire drill exercise based on the emergency guidelines provided in this study can be carried out. Necessary modifications would then be able to be made to perfect the plan. Through the carrying out of the walk through audit, identification of what is needed in terms of fire-fighting equipment, fire warning devices, location and number of exit doors has been made. In the future, provision can be made to fill up all this gaps, for a better and safer building. REFERENCES 1. Artim, N. (2006) Northeast Document Conservation Centre, EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT: An Introduction to Fire Detection, Alarm, and Automatic Fire Sprinklers. 2. Bressington Peter, 2010. Fire safety engineering: The definitive magazine for the fire safety community. Sprinklers in context: performance based design. . BS 5839: part 1: 1988 Testing and maintenance Available at: http://www. ttsfire. co. uk/guide-bs5839. PDF 4. Detection design, 2009 5. Fire Protection Online Ltd, 2010: fire blankets Available at http://www. fireprotectiononline. co. uk/fire-blankets/ 6. Fire protection for the home and business. Fire extinguisher: 101, fire extinguishing agents Available at: http://www. fire-extin guisher101. com/index. html 7. Fire and Safety Centre, 2010. Fire buckets, Available at http://www. fireandsafetycentre. co. uk/Products/Fire_Buckets/ 8. Gielle Srl, 2003. Inergen fire suppression system 9. Gielle Srl, 2003. Fire safety planning for industrial occupancies 10. Government Fire services, 2006. Guidelines Fire Safety: construction of buildings. 11. Government Fire Services, 2006. Guideline Fire Safety: Service Sector. 12. Henkel KGaA, 2001. VTS: procedure, Solvents, Annex 3: Explosive Atmosphere, Ignition Sources, Related Hazards and General Precautions 13. HM Government, 2006. Fire safety risk assessment: educational premises, Department for Communities and Local Government. 14. Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2005 15. Reed Construction Data, 2010. Smartbuilding Index: fire suppression sprinkler system. Available at: http://www. reedconstructiondata. com/smartbuildingindex/ 16. University of California, Berkeley, 2010. California-Arizona Consortium Labor Occupational Health Program – Hazardous Waste Project: fire and incompatibles 17. United States Department of Labor, 2010. Occupational Safety and Health Administration: evacuation plans and procedures: extinguisher basics. Available at: http://www. dol. gov/ 18. United States Department of Labor,2010. Occupational Safety and Health Administration: evacuation plans and procedures: fire detection system Available at: http://www. dol. gov/ 19. United States Department of Labor,2010. Occupational Safety and Health Administration: evacuation plans and procedures: employee alarm system. Available at: http://www. osha. gov/SLTC/etools/evacuation/eap. html 20. U. S. Department of Homeland Security, 2009. Federal Emergency Management Agency: emergency management guide. Available at: http://www. fema. gov/business/guide/section3a. shtm 21. United States Department of Labor, 2005. Occupational Safety and Health Administration: How to Plan for Workplace Emergencies and Evacuations. Available at: http://www. osha. gov/SLTC/etools/evacuation/eap. html

The New Jim Crow free essay sample

In Michelle Alexander’s book â€Å" The New Jim Crow†, she shows how America’s â€Å" War on Drugs â€Å" has become a tool of racial segregation and how the discretionary enforcement of drug laws has resulted in an overwhelmingly negative affect on its black population. In the early days of colonial America, slavery was not as common as we would think. The primary method of securing the cheap labor needed to work the land was through the indentured servitude of both blacks and whites. As plantations grew bigger and needed larger amounts of labor, slavery became the preferred means of obtaining cost-efficient labor and also helped drive a wedge between poor whites and their black counterparts. After the Civil War and the outlawing of slavery, Jim Crow laws were established to maintain the system of racial hierarchy. These laws helped to perpetuate the disenfranchisement of blacks in the South and was regarded by many as a fair and equitable settlement to the question of racial integration in America. They have also allowed helicopters to surveillance homes without a warrant, and the forfeiture of cash and homes based on unproven allegations of illegal drug activity. The Supreme Court have crafted legal rules that allow law enforcement to arrest virtually anyone. In 1968, the Supreme Court modified the understanding, that if an officer believes that someone is dangerous or engaging in criminal activity, that he should conduct a limited search to find weapons that might be used against him. Police now have basically the right to stop and search just about anybody that is walking down the street for drugs, and because common sense indicates that hardly anyone nowadays will say no when police asks to search. Police officers also use pretext stops as an excuse to search for drugs. It allowed police to use minor traffic violations as a pretext for baseless drug investigations and single anyone for investigation without any evidence of illegal drug activity. The truth, however, is that most people who are stopped and searched in the War on Drugs are perfectly innocent of any crime.Law Enforcements are trained to use pretextual traffic stops and consent searches for drug interdiction. This federally- run general searched program, that trained over 25,000 officers in 48 states, targeted people without any cause for suspicion, especially people of low standards. The interesting thing is that, 95 percent of these traffic stops yield no illegal drugs. Because drug-law enforcement wasnt a priority, and with way more serious crimes happening, the law enforcement agencies were given huge cash grants to make drug-law enforcement a priority.The Byrne Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement Assistant Program offered millions of dollars in federal aid to every agency who was willing to wage the war. Eventually SWAT teams were formed and are now used for narcotics warrants with forced, and unannounced entry into a persons house. In most drug raids conducted, instead of police arresting these people, the SWAT teams blast into peoples houses in the middle of the night, throwing grenades and pointing guns at children. A lot of innocent people are killed in the middle of these raids.Even with all the cash grants, military equipment and training, the Reagan administration granted state and local law enforcement agencies to keep for their own use, the majority of the cash and assets they seize when waging the drug war. In 1984, Congress allow ed state and local police agencies to retain up to 80 percent of the assets value. This increased the budget of police departments dramatically, who simply just took the cash, cars, and homes of people who were suspected of drug use or sales.Thousands of innocent people every year go to jail without ever talking to a lawyer. Thousands of people are swept into the criminal justice system every year pursuant to the drug war without much regard for their guilt or innocent. Many innocent drug defendants convict themselves every year by accepting a plea bargain out of fear of mandatory sentences. Chapter 3 African-Americans and Latinos all over the United States, are subjected to tactics and practices by law enforcements, especially those that live in poor neighborhoods.The drug war is racially defined, and that is why there is a huge number of African-Americans and Latinos in prisons and jails all across the country. The rate of incarceration for African American drug offenders dwarfs the rate of whites. Even though whites make up the majority of illegal drug users, three-fourths of the people who are imprisoned for drug offenses are black or Latino. Black men have been admitted to state prison on drug charges at a rate that is more than thirteen times higher than white men.Arrests and convictions for drug offenses, not violent crimes, have propelled mass incarceration among African-Americans and Latinos. They are convicted of drug offenses at rates out of all proportion to their drug crimes. The system of mass incarceration has operated in a way to effectively sweep people of color off the streets, lock them in jails, and then release them into an inferior second-class status. When it comes to racial bias in the drug war, research indicates that it was inevitable, and a public consensus was constructed by political and media elites that drug crime is black and brown.Once this black drug crime became conflated in the public consciousness, the black men would be the primary targets o f law enforcements. An 18 year old black kid who was arrested for possession of more than fifty grams of crack, and a first time offender, was sentenced to minimum of ten years in federal prison. His lawyers argued that the law discriminated African Americans, because the majority of those charged with crimes involving crack offenders were black, whereas powder cocaine offenders were predominantly white.An African American, Clyde Cahill, believed that race was the major factor in the crack sentencing laws and policies. He also mentioned that nowadays people have internalized fear of young black men, which has been created by media imagery and has helped to create a national image of the young black male as a criminal. In Georgia, life imprisonment was imposed for second drug offense. Georgias district attorneys who were seeking this penalty, only invoked it against only 1 percent of white defendants facing a second drug conviction but against 16 percent of black defendants.The problem with all this h arsh discrimination and racial bias by the criminal justice system, is that thousands of people have years of their lives wasted in prison, years in which they would be free if they were white. The Supreme Court has ensured the prosecutors the freedom to exercise their discretion in any manner they choose, and this opens the door to claims of racial bias. Another good example of how Blacks and Latinos are overrepresented Christopher Lee Armstrong and his four companions were arrested on conspiracy of cocaine distribution.Armstrong and his companions were black just like every other crack defendant that that office had represented during that year. Of the fifty-three cases the office had handled over the prior three years, forty-eight defendants were black, five were Hispanic, and not a single offender was white, which was shocking because most crack offenders were white. The federal public defendants wanted to prove that federal crack laws were selectively enforced in a racially discriminatory manner and that whites were being diverted by federal prosecutors to the state system, were penalties for crack offenses were far less severe.What no one knows is that the Supreme Co urt has granted the police to discriminate. The legal rules adopted by the Supreme Court guarantee that those who find themselves locked up and permanently locked out due to the drug war are overwhelming black and latino. Chapter 4 Back in 1853, every black person, by law, was considered a slave and could not testify to introduce evidence in court. Even though slavery seems like it has died, the badge of slavery still lives on for thousands of blacks.The impact of the war on drugs has undermined the opportunities for Blacks and Latinos. Once they are labeled felons they are relegated to a permanent second-class status. There is also the harsh punishment for first-time offenders, who even if able to avoid jail time, will find out that, because of their conviction, will be ineligible for federally-funded health and welfare benefits, food stamps, public housing and federal education assistant.The convicted will also have his license suspended and may no longer qualify for employment. In most cases what ends up happening is the ex-offenders end up back in jail because they are no longer accepted by mainstream society, or because they fail to play by rules that seem hopelessly stacked against them. Public Housing agencies were given the right and authority by Congress to use leases in order to evict any public housing tenants who are engaged in criminal activity.Bill Clinton proposed the One Strike and Youre Out legislation, which allowed agencies to automatically evict offenders and it also allowed them to bar applicants believed to be using drugs. This had a huge effect on families, specially African-American and Latino, because with no housing they can lose their children. Because African-Americans and Latinos are targeted by police in the War on Drugs, it is far more likely that they will be arrested for minor, nonviolent crimes. Thousands of people become homeless because they are denied housing assistance or are evicted from their homes.Particularly racial minorities are excluded from public housing because of their criminal record, and most have a hard time finding a place to live after being releases from prison. Landing a job after prison is also difficult. Almost every state allows private employers to discriminate on the basis of past criminal records, by letting the employers deny jobs to people who were arrested but were never convicted of a crime. Most employers just do not want to consider hiring a self-identified criminal.